Carbureter.



M. GUUDARD L M. MENNESSON.

CARBURETER.

APPLICATION FILED Now/226.1912.

11,090,047, Patented Mar. 10, 1914 MAURICE GOUDARD AND MAREL MENNESSON, OF LEVALLOIS-PERRET, FRANCE.

CARBURETER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Mar. 10, 1914.

Application tiled November 26, 1912. Serial No. 733,691.

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that we, MAURICE GoUnAnn and MARCEL MnNNrssoN, engineers,l citizens of the French Republic, residing at 39 Rue Fouquet. Levallois-Perret, Seine, France, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Carbureters, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in carbureters, and is directed to the general type of construction which is disclosed in the prior U. S. Letters Patent, No. 1,002,700, granted to Jouffret and Renee, Sept. 5, 1.911, according to which the carbureter has a single sprayingnozzle which is so arranged with respect to the aspirator tube that an action is secured which is similar' to, and has the 4advantages of, the -action of carbureters having primary and secondary spraying nozzles. The essential characteristics of the type of vconstruction referred to are the arrangement of the spraying nozzle in a chamber which is distinct from the contracted portion of the aspirator tube, and Which is provided with an air inlet distinct from the main air inlet of the carbureter,

-and the provision of fuel conducting pas-- sages between said chamber and the aspirator tube, one of said passages opening into the contracted portion of the aspirator tube and having its utility when the engine is be ing run at mean or greater speed, and the other passage opening into said tube at a point in advance of the throttle and having its utility when the engine is being run at reduced or low speed.

The principal objects of the present in vention are to rovide a carbureter of the general type referred to which has especial facility of operation durin changes from a low to a higher speed; whlch embodies an organization of extremely simple and accessible character; which is particularly compact, both its maximum vertical and horizontal dimensions.l being shorter than that of a known carbureter of the type referred to having an equal capacity; and which avoids the disadvantages caused by the drowning of the float in the carbureters ordinarily employed.

The invention consists in certain novel features of construction, combination, and arrangement which will be specifically pointed out as the description proceeds.

An embodiment of the invention is illustrated, by way of example, in the accompanymg drawings, wherein Fifrure 1 is a vertical sectional view on the line l-l of Fig. 2, showing a carbureter in which the features of the invention are incorporated; and Fig. 2 is a plan view of the same.

Similar characters of reference designate corresponding parts in both of the figures.

The lower part a. of the body of the carbureter is formedto provide a float chamber and incloses a float Z which is movable in the direction of the axis of the chamber a and is preferably, though not necessarily, in the form of a liquid containing vessel, being open at its upper end so as to receive liquid fuel from the chamber a. A 4fuel inlet con nection a is provided at the'. lower end of the chamber (L and is controlled by a needle valve b carried by the float Z1 and projecting downwardly from the bottom thereof.

The mixing chamber of the carbureter` is separated from the float chamber by a partition a2 which is formed as a cup and projects into the float chamber below the normal level of the liquid therein, such normal level, in the embodiment disclosed, be ing that of the liquid in the float b. The lower portion of the partition a2 is formed with an offset which provides a chamber e in which is arranffed the spraying nozzle c, the upper end of: said nozzle being below the normal fuel level. The partition a2 is provided with a centrally located upright pipe d which projects into the restricted portion of the aspirator tube, and, at its lower end communicates with the chamber e of the spraying nozzle. The pipe d forms one of th'e connections between the spraying nozzle and the aspirator tube, being'the con nei-tion which is utilized when the motor is running at mean or greater speed, and is provided with an apertnref below the normal 'fuel level, through which a portion of the fuel passes from the float chamber into the lower portion of the cup-like partition a2. The partition a2 is also provided with a cylindrical sleeve a which extends upwardly and obliqnely from the chamber c and incloses a tubular member c. The member c extends throughout the length of the sleeve a3, its lower end preferably surrounding. and being fixed to, the spraying nozzle c. The relative diameters of the sleeve a3 and the member c are such that an intervening annular passage g is provided, which passage terminates short of the upper end yof the member c, the latter, for this purpose tor tube, and has its utility fo-r this purposey when the engine is running at low or reduced speed. Accordingly, the upper end of the bore -t of the member c communicates with the upper part at of the aspirator tube at a point suitably in advance of the throttle a", the connections for establishing such communication comprising an annular external groove la in the upper part of the inember c,`oriiices m formed in the member o and communicating with said groove, and a duct also communicating vwith said groove and leading to the upper portion of the aspirator tube, the said duct j being formed ina web whichconnects the sleeve a and the aspirator tube at. The eiicient discharge area `of the orifices m is regulated by a screw o2 which is threaded into the upper end of the memberc and is disposed axially of said member.

'In' other respects the carbureter is constructed in any suitable manner, but referably in the manner shown in the drawings, in which the aspiratorl tube at is co-axial with the pipe cl and projects across the laterally directed main air inlet 0,5, whereby the air drawn through said inlet is forced to pass across the surface of the fuel resting upon the bottom of the cup-like partition a2.

iVhen the engine is to be started, the partition a? contains a relatively small amount 2 of liquid fuel, and the throttle a is in its position of minimum opening. The engine, at starting, produces a suction through the duct y', which, by reason of the travel of air through the duct z', the passage g, the orifices Z, and the bore It of the member 0, causes the drainage of substantially all of the liquid fuel above the nozzle c, the saidA airand the liquid fuel carried thereby forming an explosive mixture which passes through the duct j into the aspirator ,tube and thence to the engine. The expldsive mixture thus delivered to the aspirator tube is augmented by the addition of a mixture composed of the air drawn in through the main air inlet c and the liquid fuel taken up by said air during its travel across the body of fuel contained in the partit on a2. As a consequence, the engine is stal .ad with certainty and rapidity.

When the engine has been started, as just explained, the throttle a is opened to a" greater or less extent and thereupon a mix-` ture of air and fuel is drawn into the aspira'- tor tube, in known manner, through the pipe (Z, the air admitted through the duct z' traveling through the passage g and mixing with the fuel delivered by the nozzle c. The mixture of air and fuel delivered by the pipe d combines with the airfdrawn in through the main air inlet a5to form an explosive 'mix ture, such air taking up the rest of the fuel, if any there be, that remains in the partition ft2 after the engine has been started.

The carbureter operates in the manner detailed in the preceding paragraph until the throttle is again brought into a position of approximate minimum opening, at which time the suction transmitted through the. pipe d diminishes sufficiently to provide for the discharge of a mixture of lair and fuel through the duct y' as previously described.

lt is, of course, obvious that the weight of the oat b and the diameter of the fuel inlet a and of the needle valve Z2 are so selected that the liquid in the chamber a will be level with the upper end of the ioat b when the needle valve is closed, and that the supply of liquid in the chamber a is increased when the float, becoming lighter by reason of the drainage of its contained liquid, risesand opens the needle valve. The liquid thus adclaim l. A carbureter'having a float chamber,

'an aspirator tube located above the float chamber, a throttle valve inthe aspirator tube, a main air inlet communicatin with the aspirator tube, apartition separating the aspirator tube from the float' chamber, a sprayingnozzle arranged in the float cha-mber below the liquid level, a chamber for the' spraying nozzle, an upright pipe connected to said last named chamber and projecting through the partition into the lower'end of vthe aspirator tube, a second pipe extending tube, a partition separating the aspirator tube from the float chamber, the partition aspirator tube, a second pipe leading from` the spraying nozzle and connected to the aspirator tube at a point in advance of the throttle valve, and a second air inlet for supplying air to mix with the fuel deliveredk by the spraying nozzle prior to its passage into the aspirator tube through either of said pipes.

3. A carbureter havin a float chamber, an aspirator tube located a ove the float chamber, a throttle valve in the aspirator tube, a partition separating the aspirator tube from the float chamber, the partition being of cuplike form and projecting into the lioat chamber below' the normal liquid level thereof, a

spraying nozzle arranged in the float chaml ber below the partition, a chamber for the spraying nozzle, an upright pipe connected to said last named chamber and projecting into the lower end of the aspirator tube, said pipe having an orifice communicating with the cup-like interior of said partition and through which liquid fuel passes into said partition, a main air inlet communicating with the lower end of the aspirator tube, a second pipe extending upwardly and obliquely irom the spraying nozzle, a duct leadingl from the upper end of said second pipe to the aspirator tube at a point in advance of the throttle valve, and a second air inlet tor supplying air to min' with the fuel delivered by the spraying' nozzle prior to its passi into the aspirator tube through either of said pipes.

fl. .ft carburetor having a float chamber, an aspirator tube located above the float chamber, a throttle valve in the aspirator tube, a main air inlet communicating with the aspirator tube, a partition separating the aspirator tube from the float chamber, the partition being of cup-like form and pro jecting into the float chamber, a spraying nozzle arranged in the float chamber below the partition and below the normal liquid level of said chamber, a chamber for the spraying nozzle, an upright pipe connected to said last named chamber and projecting through the partition into the lower end of thy aspirator tube, a second pipe extending upwardly and obliquely from the spraying nozzle, a duct leading from the upper end of said second pipe to the aspirator tube at a point in advance of the throttle valve,

and a second air inlet for supplying air to mix with the fuel delivered by the spraying nozzle prior to its passage into the aspirator tube 'through either of said pipes.

5. A carbureter havin a float chamber, an aspirator tube located a ove the float chamber, a throttle valve in the aspirator tube, a main air inlet communicating with the aspirator tube, a partition separating the aspirator tube from the float chamber, a spraying nozzle arranged in the float chamber below the liquid level, a chamber for the spraying nozzle, an upright pipe connected to said last named chamber and projecting through the partition into the lower end' of the aspirator tube, a sleeve extending upwardly and obliquely from the chamber for the spraying nozzle, a web connecting the upper end of the sleeve and the aspirator tube and having a duct therethrough which communicates with the aspirator tube at a point in advance of the throttle valve, a tubular element confined in the sleeve and extending from the spraying nozzle, the tubular element having orifices in its lower end just above the spraying nozzle, and orifices in its upper end communicating with the duct, the tubular element having near its upper end and below its upper orifices a p0rtion of enlarged diameter fitting closely within the sleeve, the restricted diameter of the tubular clement for the remainder of its length providing for an annular passage between said element and the sleeve and which communicates with the chamber for the spraying nozzle, and an air inlet in the sleeve communicating with said annular passage.

6. A, carburetor having a ficat chamber, an aspirator tube located above the float chamber, a throtth;v valve in the aspirator tube, a partition separating the aspirator tube from the llo-ul. chamber, the partition being of cnp-lil e 'torni and projecting into the float chamber low the normal liquid level thereof, a spr: 'ing nozzle arranged in the float chamber below the partition, a chamber for the spraying nozzle, an upright pipe connectial to said last named chamber and projet-.ting into the lower end of the aspirator tube, said pipe having an orifice communicating with the cup-like interior of said partition and through which liquid fuel passes into said partition, a main air inlet communicating with the lower end of the aspirator tube, a sleeve extending up- 'ardly and obliquely from the chamber for the spraying nozzle, a web connecting the upperv end of said sleeve and the aspirator tube and having a duct therethrough which communicates with the aspirator tube at a point in advance oir the throttle valve, a tubular element confined in the sleeve and extending from the spraying nozzle, the

tubular element having orifices in its lower l.t.

end above the spraying nozzle, and oriiices in its upper end communicating with v the duct, the tubular element having near its the spraying nozzle, and an air inlet in the 'sleeve l communicating with said annular passage.

7. A carbureter having a float chamber, an aspirator tube located above'the-loat chamber,` a throttle valve in the aspirator tube', a main air inlet communicating with 'the aspirator tube, a partition separating v the aspirator tube from the iioat chamber,

the partition being of cup-like form and projecting into kthe oat chamber, a spraying nozzle arrangedv in the float chamber below the partition and below the normal liquid level'pfsaid chamber, a chamber for the spraying nozzle, an upright pipe connected to said last named chamber and projecting through the partition into the lower end of the aspirator tube, a sleeve extending upwardly and obliquely from the chamber for the spraying nozzle, a web connecting the upperend of said sleeve and the aspirator tube and having a duct there' through which communicates with the aspirator tube at a point in advance of the throttle valve, a tubular element confined in the sleeve and extending from the spraying nozzle, the tubular elementhaving oriiices in its lower end just above the spraying nozzle, and orifices in its upper end communicating with the duct, the tubular element having near its'upper enol and below its upper orifices a portion of enlarged diameter fitting closely within the sleeve, the restricted diameter of the tubular element for the remainder of its length providing for an annular passage between said element and thel sleeve and which communicates with the chamber for the spraying nozzle, and an air inlet in the sleeve communicating with said annular passage.

8. A carbureter having a oat chamber provided with a fuel inlet in its bottom, a cup-shaped float arranged in said chamber and having its bottom provided with a needle valve to control said fuel inlet, an aspirator tube located above the float chamber, a throttle valve in the aspirator tube, a main air inlet communicating with the aspirator tube, a partition separating the aspirator tube from the float chamber, the partition being of cup-lille form and projecting into the confines of the float, a spraying nozzle arranged within the float below the partition and below the normal liquid level, a chamber fe the spraying medoc?.

nozzle, an upright pipe projecting from said chamber through the partition into the lower end of the aspirator tube, a second pipe extending upwardly and obliquelyy from the spraying nozzle, a duct leading from the upperend of s-aid second pipe to the aspirator tube.at a point in advance of the throttle valve, and a second air in'- let for supplying air to mix withthe fuel delivered by the spraying nozzle prior to its passage into the aspirator' tube through either of said pipes.

9. A carbureter having a float chamber provided with a fuel inlet in its bottom, a cup-shaped float arranged in said chamber and having its bottom provided with a needle valve to control said fuel inlet, an aspirator tube located above the iioat chamber, a throttle valve in the aspirator tube, a main air inlet communicating with the lower end of the aspirator tube, a partition separating the aspirator tube from the float chamber, the partition being vof cup-like form and projecting into the con-- fines of the float, a spraying nozzle arranged within the float below the partition and below the normal liquid level, a chamber for the spraying nozzle, an upright pipe projecting from said chamber through the partition into the lower end of the aspirator tube, said pipe having an orifice communicating with the cup-like interior of said partition and through which liquid fuel passes into saidpartition, a second pipe extending upwardly and obliquely from the spraying nozzle, a duct leading from the upper end of said second pipe to the aspirator tube at a point in advance of the throttle valve, and a second air inlet' for supplying air to mix with the fuel delivered by the spraying nozzle prior to its passage into the aspirator tube thro-ugh either of said pipes.

l0. A carbureter having a float chamber provided with a fuelinlet in its bottom, a cup-shaped float arranged in said chamber and having its bottom provided with a needle valve to control said fuel inlet, an aspirator tube located above theiloat chamber, a throttle valve in the aspirator tube, a main air inlet communicating with the lower end of the aspirator tube, a partition separating the aspirator tube from the float chamber, the partition being of cup-like form and projecting into the confines of the float. ,a spraying` nozzle arranged within the float below the partition and below the normal liquid level, a chamber for the spraynozzle. an upright pipe projecting from said chamber through the partition into the lower end of the aspirator tube, said pipe having an orifice communicating with the cup-like interior of said partition and throughwhich liquidfuel passes into said partition, a sleeve extending upwardly and lll@ llti

obliquely from the chamber for the spraying nozzle, a web connecting the upper en d of said sleeve and the asplrator tube and having a duct therethrough which communicates with the aspirator tube at a oint in advance of the throttle valve, a tu ular element confined in the sleeve and extending from the spraying nozzle, the tubular element having orifices in its lower end just above the spraying nozzle, and orifices in its upper end communicating' with the duct, the tubular element having near its upper end and below its upper orifices a portion of enlarged diameter ttin closely within the sleeve, the restricted 'ameter of the tubular element for the remainder of its length providing foran annular passage between said element and the sleeve and which communicates with the chamber for the spraying nozzle, and an air inlet in the sleeve communicating with said annular passage.

In testimony whereof we have hereuntoa set our hands in presence of two subscribing 

